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TDA7381
4 x 25W quad bridge car radio amplifier
Features
High output power capability: - 4 x 30 W/4 max. - 4 x 25 W/4 EIAJ - 4 x 18 W/4 @ 14.4 V, 1 kHz, 10 % - 4 x 15 W/4 @ 13.2 V, 1 kHz, 10 % Clipping detector Low distortion Low output noise St-by function Mute function Automute at min. supply voltage detection Diagnostics facility for: - Clipping - Out to GND short - Out to VS short - Thermal shutdown Low external component count: - Internally fixed gain (26 dB) - No external compensation - No bootstrap capacitors

Flexiwatt25

Load dump voltage Fortuitous open GND Reversed battery ESD protection
Description
The TDA7381 is a class AB audio power amplifier in Flexiwatt25 package designed for car radio applications. Thanks to the fully complementary PNP/NPN output configuration the TDA7381 allows a rail to rail output voltage swing with no need of bootstrap capacitors.. The extremely reduced components count allows very compact sets. The on-board clipping detector simplifies gain compression operations. The fault diagnostics makes it possible to detect mistakes during Car- Radio assembly and wiring in the car
Protections:

Output short circuit to GND, to VS, across the load Very inductive loads Overrating chip temperature with soft thermal limiter Device summary
Order code TDA7381
Table 1.
Package Flexiwatt25
Packing Tube
June 2008
Rev 6
1/13
www.st.com 13
Contents
TDA7381
Contents
1 2 Block / application diagram and pins connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . 3 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Electrical characteristcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Printed circuit board and component layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3
Application hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Biasing and SVR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Input stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Stand-by and muting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Diagnostics facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Stability and layout considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4 5
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2/13
TDA7381
Block / application diagram and pins connection diagram
1
Block / application diagram and pins connection diagram
Figure 1. Block and application diagram
Vcc1
Vcc2 2.200F 100nF
ST-BY DIAGN. OUT OUT1+ IN1 0.1F OUT1PW-GND OUT2+ IN2 0.1F OUT2PW-GND OUT3+ IN3 0.1F OUT3PW-GND OUT4+ IN4 0.1F AC-GND 0.1F SVR 47F TAB S-GND OUT4PW-GND
MUTE
D93AU002C
Figure 2.
Pins connection diagram (top view)
1
25
D94AU117B
DIAGNOSTICS
OUT2-
OUT1-
OUT3-
OUT4-
P-GND1
AC-GND
P-GND3
P-GND4
P-GND
OUT2+
OUT4+
ST-BY
OUT1+
S-GND
OUT3+
MUTE
IN1
IN2
IN4
VCC
IN3
TAB
SVR
VCC
3/13
Electrical specifications
TDA7381
2
2.1
Electrical specifications
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 2.
Symbol VCC VCC (DC) VCC (pk) IO Ptot Tj Tstg
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter Operating supply voltage DC supply voltage Peak supply voltage (t = 50 ms) Output peak current: Repetitive (duty cycle 10 % at f = 10 Hz) Non repetitive (t = 100 s) Power dissipation, (Tcase = 70 C) Junction temperature Storage temperature Value 18 28 50 3 4 80 150 -40 to 150 Unit V V V A A W C C
2.2
Thermal data
Table 3.
Symbol Rth j-case
Thermal data
Parameter Thermal resistance junction to case max. Value 1 Unit C/W
2.3
Table 4.
Electrical characteristcs
Electrical characteristcs (VS = 14.4 V; f = 1 kHz; Rg = 600 ; RL = 4 ; Tamb = 25 C; Refer to the test and application circuit (Figure 3), unless otherwise specified).
Parameter Quiescent current Output offset voltage Voltage gain THD = 10 % THD = 1 % Po Output power THD = 10 %; VS = 13.2 V THD = 1 %; VS = 13.2 V
(1) (1)
Symbol Iq1 VOS Gv
Test Condition
Min.
Typ. 180
Max. 300 100
Unit mA mV dB W W W W W W
25 16.5 13 13.5 11 23 28
26 18 14 15 12 25 30 0.04
27
Po EIAJ Po max THD
EIAJ output power Max. output power Distortion
EIAJ (VS = 13.7 V) VS = 13.7 V Po = 4 W
0.3
%
4/13
TDA7381 Table 4.
Electrical specifications Electrical characteristcs (continued) (VS = 14.4 V; f = 1 kHz; Rg = 600 ; RL = 4 ; Tamb = 25 C; Refer to the test and application circuit (Figure 3), unless otherwise specified).
Parameter Output noise Bw = 20 Hz to 20 kHz Supply voltage rejection Low cut-off frequency High cut-off frequency Input impedance Cross talk St-by current consumption St-by out threshold voltage St-by in threshold voltage Mute attenuation Mute out threshold voltage Mute in threshold voltage Muting pin current Clipping detector "OFF" output average current Clipping Detector "ON" Output Average Current f = 1KHz St-by = LOW (Amp: ON) (Amp: OFF) VO = 1 Vrms (Amp: play) (Amp: mute) VMUTE = 1.5 V; (source current) THD = 1 % (2) THD = 10 % (2) 100 5 10 100 240 350 80 3.5 1.5 16 90 3.5 1.5 75 70 50 100 70 100 f = 100 Hz 50 65 65 20 150 Test Condition "A" Weighted Min. Typ. 50 Max. Unit V V dB Hz KHz K dB A V V dB V V A A A
Symbol eNo SVR fcl fch Ri CT ISB VSB out VSB IN AM VM out VM in Im (L) ICDOFF ICDON
1. Saturated square wave output. 2. Diagnostics output pulled-up to 5 V with 10 k series resistor.
Figure 3.
Standard test and application circuit
C8 0.1F C7 2200F Vcc1-2 R1 ST-BY 10K R2 MUTE 47K C1 IN1 0.1F IN2 C2 0.1F IN3 C3 0.1F IN4 C4 0.1F S-GND 14 13 16 C5 0.1F SVR C6 47F DIAGNOSTICS 10 25 1 TAB
D94AU179B
Vcc3-4 6 20 9 8 OUT1
4 C9 1F 22 C10 1F 11
7
5 2 3 OUT2
12
17 18 OUT3
15
19
21 24 23 OUT4
5/13
Electrical specifications
TDA7381
2.4
Printed circuit board and component layout
Figure 4. Components and top copper layer of the Figure 3
Figure 5.
Bottom copper layer of the Figure 3
6/13
TDA7381
Application hints
3
3.1
Application hints
Biasing and SVR
As shown by Figure 3, all the TDA7381's main sections, such as Inputs, Outputs and ACGND (pin 16) are internally biased at half supply voltage level (Vs/2), which is derived from the supply voltage rejection (SVR) block. In this way no current flows through the internal feedback network. The AC-GND is common to all the 4 amplifiers and represents the connection point of all the inverting inputs. Both individual inputs and AC-GND are connected to Vs/2 (SVR) by means of 100 k resistors. To ensure proper operation and high supply voltage rejection, it is of fundamental importance to provide a good impedance matching between INPUTS and AC-GROUND terminations. This implies that C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 capacitors have to carry the same nominal value and their tolerance should never exceed 10 %. Besides its contribution to the ripple rejection, the SVR capacitor governs the turn ON/OFF time sequence and, consequently, plays an essential role in the pop optimization during ON/OFF transients. To conveniently serve both needs, its minimum recommended value is 10 F.
3.2
Input stage
The TDA7381'S inputs are ground-compatible and can stand very high input signals ( 8 Vpk) without any performances degradation. If the standard value for the input capacitors (0.1 F) is adopted, the low frequency cut-off will amount to 16 Hz.
3.3
Stand-by and muting
Stand-by and muting facilities are both CMOS-compatible. If unused, a straight connection to Vs of their respective pins would be admissible. Conventional low-power transistors can be employed to drive muting and stand-by pins in absence of true CMOS ports or microprocessors. R-C cells have always to be used in order to smooth down the transitions for preventing any audible transient noises. Since a DC current of about 10 A normally flows out of pin 22, the maximum allowable muting-series resistance (R2) is 70 k, which is sufficiently high to permit a muting capacitor reasonably small (about 1F). If R2 is higher than recommended, the involved risk will be that the voltage at pin 22 may rise to above the 1.5 V threshold voltage and the device will consequently fail to turn OFF when the mute line is brought down. About the stand-by, the time constant to be assigned in order to obtain a virtually pop-free transition has to be slower than 2.5 V/ms.
7/13
Application hints
TDA7381
3.4
Diagnostics facility
The TDA7381 is equipped with a diagnostics circuitry able to detect the following events:

Clipping in the output stage Overheating (thermal shut-down proximity) Output misconnections (OUT-GND and OUT-Vs shorts)
Diagnostics information is available across an open collector output located at pin 25 (fig. 8) through a current sinking whenever at least one of the above events is recognized. Among them, the Clipping detector acts in a way to output a signal as soon as one or more power transistors start being saturated. As a result, the clipping-related signal at pin 25 takes the form of pulses, which are perfectly syncronized with each single clipping event in the music program and reflect the same duration time (Figure 8). Applications making use of this facility usually operate a filtering/integration of the pulses train through passive R-C networks and realize a volume (or tone bass) stepping down in association with microprocessor-driven audioprocessors. The maximum load that pin 25 can sustain is 1 k. Due to its operating principles, the clipping detector has to be viewed mainly as a power-dependent feature rather than frequency-dependent. This means that clipping state will be immediately signaled out whenever a fixed power level is reached, regardless of the audio frequency. Figure 6. Input/output biasing.
100K + 0.1F C1 / C4 IN 8K 400
400 VS 0.1F C5
D95AU302
8K
10K 70K 10K SVR 100K 47F C6 AC_GND
Figure 7.
Diagnostics circuit
25 R VREF
Vpin 25
TDA7385
D95AU303
8/13
+ TOWARDS OTHER CHANNELS
TDA7381 Figure 8. Clipping detection waveforms.
Application hints
In other words, this feature offers the means to counteract the extremely sound-damaging effects of clipping, caused by a sudden increase of odd order harmonics and appearance of serious intermodulation phenomena. Another possible kind of distortion control could be the setting of a maximum allowable THD limit (e.g. 0.5%) over the entire audio frequency range. Besides offering no practical advantages, this procedure cannot be much accurate, as the non-clipping distortion is likely to vary over frequency. In case of overheating, pin 25 will signal out the junction temperature proximity to the thermal shut-down threshold. This will typically start about 2C before the thermal shutdown threshold is reached. As various kind of diagnostics information is available at pin 25 (clipping, shorts and overheating), it may be necessary to operate some distinctions on order to treat each event separately. This could be achieved by taking into account the intrinsically different timing of the diagnostics output under each circumstance. In fact, clipping will produce pulses normally much shorter than those present under faulty conditions. An example of circuit able to distinguish between the two occurrences is shown by Figure 10. Figure 9. Diagnostics waveforms
ST-BY PIN VOLTAGE
t
MUTE PIN VOLTAGE
t
Vs OUTPUT WAVEFORM t
Vpin 25 WAVEFORM t CLIPPING
D95AU304
SHORT TO GND OR TO Vs
THERMAL PROXIMITY
9/13
Application hints
TDA7381
3.5
Stability and layout considerations
If properly layouted and hooked to standard carradio speakers, the TDA7381 will be intrinsically stable with no need of external compensations such as output R-C cells. Due to the high number of channels involved, this translates into a very remarkable components saving if compared to similar devices on the market. To simplify pc-board layout designs, each amplifier stage has its own power ground externally accessible (pins 2,8,18,24) and one supply voltage pin for each couple of them. Even more important, this makes it possible to achieve the highest possible degree of separation among the channels, with remarkable benefits in terms of cross-talk and distortion features. About the layout grounding, it is particularly important to connect the AC-GND capacitor (C5) to the signal GND, as close as possible to the audio inputs ground: this will guarantee high rejection of any common mode spurious signals. The SVR capacitor (C6) has also to be connected to the signal GND. Supply filtering elements (C7, C8) have naturally to be connected to the power-ground and located as close as possible to the Vs pins. Pin 1, which is mechanically attached to the device's tab, needs to be tied to the cleanest power ground point in the pc-board, which is generally near the supply filtering capacitors. Figure 10. An example of circuit able to distinguish between the two occurrences
VREF
T2 VREF1
T1 << T2 VREF VREF1 >> VREF2
VREF2
D95AU305
10/13
+
TDA7385
+ -
-
25
T1
CLIP DET. (TO GAIN COMPRESSOR/ TONE CONTROL) FAULT, THERMAL SHUTDOWN (TO POWER SUPPLY SECTION, P VOLTAGE REGULATOR, FLASHING SYSTEM)
TDA7381
Package information
4
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST (also) offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. ECOPACK(R) packages are lead-free. The category of second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 11. Flexiwatt25 mechanical data and package dimensions
DIM. A B C D E F (1) G G1 H (2) H1 H2 H3 L (2) L1 L2 (2) L3 L4 L5 M M1 N O R R1 R2 R3 R4 V V1 V2 V3 MIN. 4.45 1.80 0.75 0.37 0.80 23.75 28.90 mm TYP. 4.50 1.90 1.40 0.90 0.39 1.00 24.00 29.23 17.00 12.80 0.80 22.47 18.97 15.70 7.85 5 3.5 4.00 4.00 2.20 2 1.70 0.5 0.3 1.25 0.50 MAX. 4.65 2.00 1.05 0.42 0.57 1.20 24.25 29.30 MIN. 0.175 0.070 0.029 0.014 0.031 0.935 1.139 inch TYP. 0.177 0.074 0.055 0.035 0.015 0.040 0.945 1.150 0.669 0.503 0.031 0.884 0.747 0.618 0.309 0.197 0.138 0.157 0.157 0.086 0.079 0.067 0.02 0.12 0.049 0.019 MAX. 0.183 0.079 0.041 0.016 0.022 0.047 0.955 1.153
OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA
22.07 18.57 15.50 7.70
22.87 19.37 15.90 7.95
0.869 0.731 0.610 0.303
0.904 0.762 0.626 0.313
3.70 3.60
4.30 4.40
0.145 0.142
0.169 0.173
5 (T p.) 3 (Typ.) 20 (Typ.) 45 (Typ.)
Flexiwatt25 (vertical)
(1): dam-bar protusion not included (2): molding protusion included
V C B V V3 H3 H H1 H2 R3 R4 V1 R2 R L L1 A
L4
O
L2
N
L3
V1
V2
R2 L5 G G1 F
FLEX25ME
R1 R1 R1 E M M1
D
Pin 1
7034862
11/13
Revision history
TDA7381
5
Revision history
Table 5.
Date 12-Oct-1999
Document revision history
Revision 5 Initial release. Document reformatted. Document promoted from preliminary data to datasheet. Added Table 1: Device summary. Added ECOPACK description in Section 4: Package information. Changes
27-Jun-2008
6
12/13
TDA7381
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